The proposal languished until the turn of the century. A franchise was granted to a group of developers who passed the franchise onto another group. The proposed tunnel would be only some 500 feet long and would have its outlet in the San Pablo Creek watershed with a road leading into Lafayette. It was revived in 1871 with a proposal which described a route running from the end of Broadway, similar to the actual routing of today's Caldecott Tunnel although it is not clear from the description exactly which canyon was being referred to. In that year, the idea was proposed and rejected by the citizens of Alameda and Contra Costa Counties. The idea of a tunnel through the hills began as early as 1860. An inn and stage coach stop called the Summit House once existed at the summit. The road on the other side of the hills became known as Fish Ranch Road, its current name, some time after 1870, the year the Oakland Trout Company incorporated its fish and frog farm in the vicinity. The road leading up the canyon from the west was initially called Harwood's Road, later changed to Telegraph Road, and finally, Claremont. In the 19th century, traffic over the Berkeley Hills in this area went up Harwood Canyon, now known as Claremont Canyon (behind the Claremont Hotel). The active Hayward Fault runs just west of the western portals of the tunnel. Bores 3 and 4 carry two lanes each of westbound traffic. Bore 4 (the northernmost bore), completed in 2013, is 3,389 ft (1,033 m) in length. Caldecott (1878–1951), who was mayor of Berkeley in 1930–1932, a member of the Alameda County Board of Supervisors in 1933–1945, and president of Joint Highway District 13, which built the first two bores.īore 1 (the southernmost bore) and Bore 2 were completed in 1937 they are 3,610 ft (1,100 m) in length and carry two lanes each of eastbound traffic. The east–west tunnel is signed as a part of California State Route 24 and connects Oakland to central Contra Costa County.
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